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Having a patent can give you or someone else a competitive advantage. If you (or the company you work for) invent something and get a patent, you will have the right to:
Prevent people from making, using, or selling the invention (that includes people who independently develop the invention after you do, as well as copycats).
Obtain license fees from people who want to make, use, or sell your invention, however, patents by themselves do not necessarily result in royalty streams. The invention or the products incorporating the invention still have to be marketed to customers, licensees or assignees in order to make money.
On the other hand, if someone else has a patent that "covers" a product that you or your company are trying to make, use, or sell, you might find yourself in trouble,even if you invented the product without any knowledge that a patent existed. The person with that patent may be able to:
Stop you from making, using, and selling your product.
Charge you with patent infringement, resulting in a lawsuit or financial settlement.
Patents are worth understanding. Here are some other benefits of patents:
If you file for a patent early (and keep good records of the development of your invention), you can rest assured that no one else will get a patent for your invention and be able to stop you from making, using, or selling it.
If you have a collection of patents (known as a "portfolio"), you may have more leverage to cross-license your invention with other companies, giving you access to their technology (and hopefully a competitive advantage).
Patents can be an important asset, and may increase the value of your company in the eyes of potential investors or buyers (an important tip for aspiring entrepreneurs). Indeed, sometimes just one good patent is the difference that allows you to obtain capital. Ideally, investors want to put their money in a company with a product that is in high demand but has no competition. That's what a patent can provide.