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  Beliefs, Attitudes and Responses to Conflict  
 
  Let's say that you have just been hired as a process engineer in a manufacturing plant, and soon afterward your supervisor shouts at you during a meeting, criticizing you in front of your colleagues. What do you do? You have three choices: you can confront your supervisor; you can do nothing and hope that it never happens again; or you can quit.

The first option is the most practical and realistic, but confronting a supervisor is daunting. If you handle it well, though, you can come out of a bad situation a winner, with your job and your dignity intact. In fact, the situation described above is a true story; the woman to whom it happened told her boss the next morning that he had a right to give her feedback, but only in a normal tone of voice and only in private. Although his initial reaction was to start yelling again and accuse her of being "soft," she kept repeating what she'd said until eventually he calmed down. After that they were able to resolve the situation, and to handle subsequent differences of opinion calmly and respectfully.

Many people wouldn't do what that woman did - not because they are not able, but because they have not learned how to negotiate. People are not born good negotiators, and many people are uncomfortable with conflict. In order to be a successful negotiator, though, you must set aside your discomfort, objectively try to assess your own beliefs and your response to conflict, and develop constructive ways to get past it. That way, when conflict arises, you can determine the nature of the conflict, as well as your investment in the outcome of the conflict's resolution, so that you can be a more effective negotiator.

"Keep in mind that most conflicts are not about one person being right and the other person being wrong." - Lawrence D. Schwimmer, Author of "The Art of Resolving Conflicts in the Workplace"

The way you respond to conflict depends on your culture, your personality, and your past experiences with conflict. Take a personal inventory to learn more about your personal style, by asking yourself questions such as the following:

How do you feel about negotiation?
Do you want to get it over fast? If so, you may give in too quickly, or give away too much.
Do you want to win, no matter what the cost? If so, you may become adversarial and damage the relationship.

Once you identify your own negotiation style, you must learn to adapt it to your circumstances. If you tend to respond competitively to conflict but a situation calls for an accommodating approach, you will be much more likely to achieve your goal if you are able to be more accommodating.

Similarly, recognizing your own style can help you address your weaknesses: if you know that you dominate conversations, for example, especially when you are trying to win a point, then it behooves you to develop constructive communication and listening skills. Visit the PPC Module Communication Skills for guidance and tools to do this.

The ability to be flexible and to grow will enable you to avoid the negative emotional reactions that often derail negotiations. If you decide in advance what you are trying to accomplish and how you will proceed, you will have a better chance of maintaining the self-control you need during difficult negotiations.