Applying to graduate school can pose special challenges for international students. However, the actual application procedures are the same for you as they are for a naturalized student and there are ways to make that process even simpler. Here are the key factors you'll need to consider, as well as some tips to get you moving in the right direction.

Begin the application process at least one year in advance. Plenty of paper work is involved and getting a visa to the United States won't be easy. Besides, glitches can arise. Fortunately, thanks to the Internet, applying is much easier today than it was even three years ago. "E-mail the university admissions offices and ask to be put on their mailing lists," advises Andrew Douglas, a former professor of mechanical engineering and now the director of academic affairs at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Md. "Many universities have websites with downloadable applications."

You'll probably be required to take two standardized tests: in addition to the GRE (Graduate Record Examination), which measures critical thinking and analytical and writing skills, you'll have to take the TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language), which tests your English proficiency. Both exams can be taken in your home country. A high GRE score may not necessarily get you into the university of your choice, but a low score will almost certainly keep you out. A high TOEFL score is very important if you are to be considered for a teaching assistantship. But remember, if you score poorly, you can take the test again.

Be aware that you'll be required to prove that you have sufficient funds before you can get your student visa. Many universities provide financial help in the form of graduate assistantships and employment opportunities, but many of them won't provide any aid until you have completed at least a semester of school. It's important to find out what financial opportunities are available at each of the schools you are considering. The cost will vary, depending upon the university, but one thing is certain: Graduate education in the United States is expensive. Plan on having at least $20,000 to cover your first year alone.